Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis, a silent thief of bone strength, is a condition characterized by decreased bone density. This decrease results in weaker bones with a higher risk of fractures. Imagine healthy bone as a strong, solid structure. In osteoporosis, these once-solid bones become porous and fragile, resembling a sponge with large, interconnected holes. These weakened bones are more susceptible to breaking, with fractures commonly occurring in the hip, wrist, or spine.
Not to be Confused with Osteopenia: Osteopenia is a precursor to osteoporosis, with slightly lower bone density than normal but not yet reaching the weakened state of osteoporosis. Left untreated, osteopenia can progress to osteoporosis.
Silent Disease, Devastating Impact: Osteoporosis often goes undetected until a fracture occurs. However, some potential symptoms include:
- • Backache
- • Gradual height loss and stooped posture
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Risk Factors:A mix of Controllable and Uncontrollable
Several factors influence your risk of osteoporosis:
Uncontrollable: Age and sex (women are more susceptible)
Controllable: Diet (low calcium intake), eating disorders, certain medications
Diagnosis Through Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Measurement
A simple and widely available test called Bone Mineral Density (BMD) measurement is the gold standard for diagnosing osteopenia and osteoporosis. This painless test uses dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) technology to measure bone mineral content and density in the hips and spine, the areas most susceptible to fracture.
Treatment Options for Different Stages
Medication and Pharmacotherapy (Osteopenia & Early Osteoporosis): Oral medications like bisphosphonates (e.g., Alendronate, Risedronate, Ibandronate) are the most common treatment to control bone loss.
Intravenous Infusions (Severe Osteoporosis): In severe cases, intravenous infusions of medicines like Zoledronic Acid are used for a more urgent response.
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Varied Range of Pain Conditions.
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